Hoffman (P) was injured when his vehicle was rear-ended by a vehicle driven by Carolyn Elzy. P sued Ms. Elzy and her insurer, 21st Century North America Insurance Company (D), for damages allegedly resulting from the accident. The court found Ms. Elzy one-hundred percent (100%) at fault for the accident. The trial court awarded P $4,500.00 in general damages and $2,478.00 for special medical expenses for a total award of $6,978.00. P appealed. The appellate court affirmed the verdict of the trial court in all respects. P appealed.

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