This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Kalfell (D) and Malchose (P) were involved in a motor vehicle accident. D was driving a 1992 Pontiac Bonneville titled in the names of his parents. P sued Ss seeking to recover damages against D for negligence, and against Lance and Lisa Kalfell, the parents, on theories of family car doctrine, negligent entrustment, and strict liability. The trial court found D at fault for negligence, the parents liable under both the family car doctrine and strict liability claims, and it awarded P damages. Ds appealed. D was an adult child living away from home, D was the owner of the vehicle involved in the accident, and the car was not being used for a family business.

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