This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Rhodes (D) was accused of espionage, and two of D's alleged co-conspirators were Col Rudolph Ivanovich Abel and Lt. Col. Reino Hayhanen of the Soviet Secret Police. The evidence showed that Abel had transmitted to Hayhanen written information about D whose code name was Quebec. The information was hidden in a hollowed out bolt and found in the home of Hayhanen in Peekskill, New York. The information found was offered as evidence during D's court-martial, and D objected to on grounds of hearsay.

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