Kostrick, Romano, Perrino (Ds), and twenty-five others were charged in a one hundred and thirteen count indictment with various offenses involving a large-scale conspiracy to distribute cocaine. All those indicted, with the exception of Kostrick and Romano, eventually pleaded guilty to cocaine-related offenses. Kostrick and Romano pleaded not guilty to all charges. Ds were convicted and appealing, contending in part, that the district court improperly prohibited their cross-examination of Joseph Rosa, a government witness, regarding certain prior criminal conduct because Rosa had not been convicted for that conduct.

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