This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Because of disparities between district property wealth in Texas, spending per student on elementary schools varied from $2,112 to $19,333. Under the existing system, an average of $2,000 per year more is spent on the 150,000 wealthiest students than is spent on the poorest 150,000. There is no doubt that money has an impact on the quality of elementary education. The Texas Constitution made it the duty of the Legislature to make suitable provision for an efficient system for the essential purpose of a general diffusion of knowledge.

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