This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Frank (P) was a female student at Princeton University in 1979 and filed a suit claiming that the Ivy Club, University Cottage Club, and Tiger Inn were public accommodations that discriminated against her on the basis that she was female. D filed answers denying that they were places of public accommodation. A fact-finding conference was held, and a James Sincaglia took factual information and issued a 'Finding of Probable Cause.' That finding held that the club system provided dining facilities for a majority of upperclassmen attending Princeton; that Princeton relies upon these clubs to feed a majority of upper-class students, and without the clubs Princeton would incur substantial costs to provide dining services to those students; that the clubs hold themselves out to serving Princeton students; and that Princeton and the clubs are integrally connected in a mutually beneficial arrangement. These findings negated the contention that the clubs were private. The Findings concluded that there was probable cause to believe that the clubs discriminated on the basis of gender. D did not like the finding and appealed.

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