This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Insonlia (P) and others filed claims against the cigarette industry (D) for an industry-wide conspiracy to deceive consumers about the addictive characteristics of cigarette smoking. Ps alleged fraud and civil conspiracy to commit fraud. Ps moved for class action status, but that was denied by the court; common questions did not predominate as required under Rule 23(b)(3). Then D moved under Rule 20 to sever the claims and make them three distinct lawsuits.

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