This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Johnson (Ps) worked as police officers for Shelby (D). Ps allege that they were fired by D’s board of aldermen, not for deficient performance, but because they brought to light criminal activities of one of the aldermen. Ps sought compensatory relief charging violations of their Fourteenth Amendment due process rights. Summary judgment was entered against Ps. It was affirmed on appeal. The Supreme Court granted certiorari.

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