This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

P brought a civil rights action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging Ds violated his constitutional right to be free from excessive force when they shot him in the back and seriously injured him during a police-citizen encounter. Ds claim that P was armed with a firearm and that their actions were justified. P maintains that he was unarmed, that the officers' decision to shoot him was unreasonable and unjustified, and that the officers proceeded to fabricate a false account of the incident to cover up their unlawful use of potentially deadly force. The sample in question was swabbed by OCME from a 'trigger and trigger guard' of a firearm that was reportedly recovered near the scene of P's shooting.

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