This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Milner (P), a Puget Sound resident, submitted FOIA requests for all ESQD information relating to Indian Island. The Navy (D) refused to release the data, stating that disclosure would threaten the security of the base and surrounding community. D invoked Exemption 2. The District Court granted summary judgment to D, and the Court of Appeals affirmed. The Court of Appeals explained that the ESQD information 'is predominantly used for the internal purpose of instructing agency personnel on how to do their jobs.'

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