This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

Public Citizen (P) intervened in a lawsuit to modify a protective order barring nonlitigatory use of documents discovered in an action against Liggett (D) for wrongful death from cigarette smoking. That suit was dismissed on the basis that the claim was preempted by the federal cigarette labeling statute. The district court granted P's motion, and D appealed.

The legal issues presented in this case will be displayed here.

The court's holding and decision will be displayed here.

Legal analysis from Dean's Law Dictionary will be displayed here.