This section contains the nature of the case and procedural background.

The Government (P) sued the Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod of the Lutheran Church in America (D) for condemnation of its three nonprofit summer camps along the Delaware River. P offered to pay D $485,400. D wanted $5.8 million, the asserted cost of developing a functionally equivalent substitute facility. This large sum was due to the fact that the new facility would be subject to regulations that the existing facilities were exempt under grandfather provisions.

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